Age and outstanding achievement: what do we know after a century of research?
نویسنده
چکیده
psychometric measures (cf. Kogan, 1973; McCleUand, 1973). Given this restriction, studies of the functional relation between age and achievement can be roughly grouped into two primary categories. On the one hand, achievement may take the form of noteworthy creativity, in which case the goal is to assess how productivity changes over the life span. Such inquiries focus on individual accomplishment in such endeavors as science, philosophy, literature, music, and the visual arts. On the other hand, contributions may be in the guise of leadership, requiring that the investigator examine the ages at which a person is most likely to exert influence over others, especially by occupying significant positions of power, whether political, military, economic, or religious. Although we can argue that creativity and leadership are two facets of the same fundamental phenomenon, exceptional personal influence, I will follow tradition by treating these two routes separately (cf. Simonton, 1984b,
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ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Psychological bulletin
دوره 104 2 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 1988